At Paris Dialogue OECD Seeks Business Input on Obstacles to Trade

USCIB’s Rob Mulligan at the OECD International Business Dialogue
USCIB’s Rob Mulligan at the OECD International Business Dialogue

The OECD International Business Dialogue 2013, held earlier this month in Paris in partnership with BIAC, the Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD, brought together government officials and business representatives from OECD member countries, as well as major emerging economies, to identify the most pressing obstacles to international trade and contribute to informed policymaking based on first-hand insights.

As part of the dialogue, the OECD asked companies to complete a survey entitled, “What are the obstacles that your company faces in doing business internationally?” The survey is available here. Results will be made available in April.

USCIB Senior Vice President Rob Mulligan presented dialogue participants with the key findings of a recent study commissioned by USCIB and the Business Roundtable on the emergence of global supply networks as key platforms for international trade and investment. He said governments have a lot to do in terms of facilitating cross-border commerce if they want to avoid standing in the way of their own countries’ potential economic progress.

“Many governments don’t seem to recognize that the way companies do business globally has changed over the last 10-15 years, or they are intentionally trying to turn the clock back on current business models,” Mulligan said. “Our member companies are encountering policies and practices in many countries that seek to limit their ability to move goods and services across borders. These policies make it more difficult for companies to build and utilize the supply networks that are critical to their growth.”

The chairman of the International Chamber of Commerce, Gerard Worms, discussing ICC’s Open Market Index, which rates countries on their openness to international trade and investment, said that government authorities equipped with better information on their country’s market performance were better able to honor commitments on open trade and investment and resist taking protectionist measures to “protect” domestic industries and jobs.

“While G20 leaders play a key role in ensuring that governments around the world work collectively to lower trade barriers and stimulate growth and job creation, the Open Markets Index reveals that rather than leading by example, most G20 countries achieve only average scores for openness,” said Worms. “In particular, high-growth BRIC economies tend to perform below average on most measures of openness.” Read more on ICC’s website.

U.S. business delegation visits OECD

BIAC Chairman Charles Heeter and OECD Secretary General Angel Gurria speak with the visiting American business delegation.
BIAC Chairman Charles Heeter and OECD Secretary General Angel Gurria speak with the visiting American business delegation.

Later in the month, BIAC Chairman Charles Heeter (Deloitte), who also serves on USCIB’s board, led a delegation of executives from primarily American companies to Paris to meet with OECD officials and learn more about the organization’s work, priorities and interface with the business community.

Over two days, the delegation discussed broad global economic challenges and the OECD’s work related to the G20, as well as OECD initiatives in the areas of tax, trade, the Internet, corporate governance and energy.

All told, executives from some three dozen companies took part in the delegation.

Staff contact: Rob Mulligan

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News Brief High Standards Needed in U.S. – China Investment Treaty

Columbia University’s Vale Center has published a short essay by Shaun Donnelly, USCIB’s vice president for investment and financial services, presenting the business case for a high-standards U.S.-China bilateral investment treaty (BIT). The essay appears in the center’s journal Columbia FDI Perspectives and is available by clicking here.

Donnelly’s piece responds to an earlier essay in the journal by Karl Sauvant and Huipeng Chen advocating a different approach toward the China BIT negotiations. He argues that it is essential to get a comprehensive, high-standard BIT with China, with meaningful market-opening liberalization as well as strong investor-state dispute resolution provisions, and not to settle for a quick compromise with lower protections just for the sake of getting a deal. Donnelly argues that both the U.S. and Chinese governments – as well as their respective business communities – need the strong protections and dispute-settlement provisions one can only get in a high-standard, 21st-century BIT.

USCIB is actively working to promote member views in the context of the U.S.-China BIT negotiations, and views a high-standards BIT as a key element in USCIB’s 2013 trade and investment agenda.

Staff contact: Shaun Donnelly

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OECD Business Group Appoints New Secretary General

Bernhard Welschke
Bernhard Welschke

The Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD has announced that Bernhard Welschke of Germany will become BIAC’s secretary general in April. BIAC is part of USCIB’s global network and serves as the official voice of the business community in the 35-nation Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Welschke succeeds Tadahiro Asami of Japan, who stepped down in December following a long and successful term at the helm of BIAC’s secretariat in Paris. He will be responsible for BIAC’s work program and for serving the needs of BIAC members. Together with the BIAC board of directors, Welschke will further develop BIAC’s supportive and successful partnership with OECD Secretary General Angel Gurria and senior OECD leadership.

“Bernhard Welschke brings a wealth of experience in international policy and business,” said BIAC Chair Charles P. Heeter (Deloitte), who also serves as a member of USCIB’s board of directors. “His background in the area of global governance will be of particular value for this assignment.”

USCIB President and CEO Peter M. Robinson added: “We at USCIB look forward to working with Bernhard and supporting him in his new position, addressing mutual priorities and working together to represent even more effectively the views of business in the OECD.”

Welschke has been involved in the work of the OECD and BIAC for many years. He is currently managing director for global governance, as well as business relations with the western hemisphere, at the Federation of German Industries (BDI). In previous positions at BDI he was responsible for trade and business relations with Asia and the Pacific, for European Affairs, and for the Americas, which included including serving as representative for German industry and trade in Washington, D.C. From 2000 to 2006 he was a member of the European Union’s Economic and Social Committee.

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan

BIAC website

WTO Aims to Strengthen Contacts With the Business Community

L-R: ICC’s Stefano Bertasi, the WTO’s Keith Rockwell and Evian Group’s Carlos Braga
L-R: ICC’s Stefano Bertasi, the WTO’s Keith Rockwell and Evian Group’s Carlos Braga

At a February 21 event organized for the business community at the World Trade Organization’s Geneva headquarters, the WTO announced the results of a recent survey of businesses and launched a dedicated web area for business on the WTO website. It also launched an electronic newsletter targeted specifically at the private sector.

At the event, Stefano Bertasi, policy director at the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), for which USCIB serves as American affiliate, provided an update on ICC’s World Trade Agenda initiative, and Carlos Braga of the Evian Group gave his perspective on the relations between business and the WTO.

“This meeting is the first of what we hope will be a series of encounters between the WTO and the business community through which we hope to strengthen our dialogue and our interaction,” said Keith Rockwell, the WTO’s director of information and external relations.

USCIB recently released its own 2013 trade and investment agenda, which is complementary to ICC’s initiative and focuses on completing trade agreements with Asia and Europe, moving forward with strong new bilateral investment treaties, including with China and India and revitalizing work in the WTO. USCIB’s agenda also aims to address new regulatory challenges around the world that bear on market access for U.S. trade and investment, including preferential treatment for state-owned enterprises and efforts by governments to impose forced localization requirements on companies as conditions for market access.

The aim of the new WTO web page is to make key information for the private sector, such as trade statistics and trade monitoring news, easily accessible in one dedicated area. The newsletter, which will be issued on a regular basis, includes the latest business-focused trade news from the WTO. It will be circulated electronically to all business representatives who register online.

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan

More on USCIB’s Trade and Investment Committee

ICC website

Washington Update: December 2012 – January 2013

The holiday season has come and gone, and USCIB’s Washington-based activities saw very little let-up.

Among the highlights: We released a groundbreaking new study by Professor Matthew Slaughter on global supply networks and economic growth; unveiled USCIB’s Trade and Investment Agenda for 2013; met with Senate Finance committee staff on customs reauthorization, participated in ICC’s work on EU Data Privacy; and advised the OECD Tax Committee on base erosion and profit sharing. This and many other activities are covered in the report.

Download the full update.

Natural Gas Exports: Seeking Synergy Between Environment, Energy and Trade Policy

A tanker transporting liquefied natural gas
A tanker transporting liquefied natural gas

In the context of current discussions about the export of liquefied natural gas from the United States, we believe that fundamental principles of environmental, energy and trade policy that USCIB has supported over the years remain relevant.

USCIB has long championed expanded trade and investment, and the elimination of barriers to global commerce, including in the energy sector, under a rules-based system, and we support established WTO rules limiting export and import bans. Erecting new barriers to LNG exports would run counter to our past positions and efforts by the American business community to discourage restrictions by other countries.

Throughout our work to promote international cooperation on climate change and energy security, USCIB has advocated keeping all energy options on the table in the transition to a greener economy. In that connection, we have underscored the critical importance of open trade as a means to disseminate cleaner technologies and energy options, and have signaled the adverse environmental impacts of export bans.

Increased domestic supplies of natural gas are already providing a competitive edge for many U.S.-based manufacturers, with positive impacts on jobs both in the energy sector and in the economy as a whole. Many observers, including the International Energy Agency, predict that the United States will become a net energy exporter, which would have major economic and geopolitical ramifications. Additionally, there is potential for natural gas, with its much lower climate footprint, to surpass coal as the world’s number-two energy source.

We appreciate the concerns voiced about LNG exports, including the potential for increased U.S. energy costs, and these concerns should not be taken lightly. As U.S. companies operate in global markets, they need access to affordable and sustainable energy in order to remain competitive. With wise policy choices, the domestic energy revolution has the potential to bring major economic and environmental advantages to the U.S. business community, and to U.S. citizens.

More on USCIB’s Trade and Investment Committee

More on USCIB’s Environment Committee

New International Services Negotiations to Be Launched

4424_image002Last week, U.S. Trade Representative Ron Kirk informed Congress that the Obama administration plans to enter into negotiations for a new international agreement on trade in services. With negotiations encompassing the United States and 20 other countries soon to be launched in Geneva, the initiative is one of a number of “plurilateral” efforts expected to be undertaken in the wake of failure to make meaningful progress toward completing the Doha Round.

According to USTR, the negotiation partners account for nearly two-thirds of global trade in services. In his letter to lawmakers, Kirk cited a recent Peterson Institute for International Economics study estimating that tradable services are five times less likely to be exported than manufactured products. The U.S. is the world’s largest service provider.

“This is an important new initiative, and one we will be following closely at USCIB,” said Rob Mulligan, USCIB’s senior vice president for Washington. “Services are an enormous and growing part of our economy and our overall trade. The opportunities to drive U.S. economic growth and jobs through a services plurilateral are quite significant.”

Mulligan said advancing the new services talks would be an important objective in USCIB’s trade and investment policy agenda for 2013. Other top priorities include concluding the Trans-Pacific Partnership talks, starting negotiations on a U.S.-EU trade and investment agreement, addressing forced localization regulations and expanding product coverage under the WTO Information Technology Agreement.

Among the other parties expected to take part in the talks are Canada, the European Union, Japan, Korea and Mexico. One country that is not an initial party to the negotiations is China. In 2006, USCIB and the United States Council Foundation published a study on U.S.-China trade in services, which foresaw growing export opportunities for services. According to USTR, the U.S. had a services trade surplus with China of $13 billion in 2011.

“Obviously, the opportunities in China and other emerging markets are tremendous,” said Mulligan. “But we understand and appreciate the need to work with like-minded countries to achieve the most ambitious liberalization possible. Hopefully other countries would join a services agreement down the road.”

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Latest U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade

4416_image002The 23rd session of the U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) concluded in Washington, D.C. on December 19.  Established in 1983, the JCCT is the main forum for addressing bilateral trade and investment issues and promoting commercial opportunities between the United States and China.

The latest forum was chaired by U.S. Trade Representative Ron Kirk, Acting Secretary of Commerce Rebecca Blank and Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan. Representatives from 25 Chinese government agencies also participated, as did U.S. Ambassador to China Gary Locke
and U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack.

According to Ambassador Kirk’s office, despite advancements on some key issues – such as addressing concerns on intellectual property rights, agreeing on the elimination of significant regulatory obstacles impeding U.S. exports and securing meaningful steps toward China’s accession to the WTO Government Procurement Agreement – there is still much work to be done to ensure that China’s market is open to American exports and investment.

The U.S. and Chinese governments also signed agreements related to enhancing understanding and measurement of bilateral trade, and increasing the numbers of reverse trade missions, which support China’s continued development while creating more U.S. exports and jobs.

According to Justine Badimon, USCIB’s manager of China and Asia-Pacific affairs, business hopes to see continued increased commitment from both sides on building sustainable strong economic ties to ensure mutual benefits, and supports the advancement of economic issues through meaningful bilateral dialogues such as the JCCT and the Strategic & Economic Dialogue.

Click on the links to read a USTR press release on the JCCT’s conclusion and a fact sheet on the meetings detailing key results.

 

More on USCIB’s China Committee

News Brief USCIB Urges Senate to Approve Inward Investment Bill

Joining with five other leading business groups, USCIB has urged the U.S. Senate to move expeditiously to adopt the “Global Investment in American Jobs” bill (S. 3274) sponsored by Senators John Kerry (D.-Mass.) and Bob Corker (R.-Tenn.). Companion legislation passed the House unanimously in mid-September.

In a letter sent today to every member of the Senate, USCIB and the business groups underlined the importance of strong legislation to improve America’s ability to attract job-creating foreign direct investment (FDI) in today’s competitive global environment.

Noting that U.S subsidiaries of foreign headquartered companies already employ more than five million Americans across the country and are major exporters, we urged the Senate to pass this broadly supported bipartisan legislation without delay. Doing so, the letter states, would send a clear signal to the world that the United States welcomes FDI, and is prepared to identify and resolve barriers that may impede our ability to attract much-needed global investment.

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News Brief OECD Trade Committee Developments

USCIB Senior Vice President Rob Mulligan took part in meetings earlier this month in Paris of the OECD Trade Committee and the BIAC Trade Committee, as well as the OECD Global Forum on Trade.  Mulligan was able to raise the issue of forced localization – the range of measures governments impose on foreign investors requiring local content, production and operations as a condition of investing – at senior levels in both organizations and among OECD member governments. Among the key developments was a decision to develop a new BIAC discussion paper on the issue.

Among other important developments:

  • For the first time, BIAC was invited to attend the plenary session of the OECD Trade Committee, including a session with the G20 on November 7. The OECD asked BIAC for its views on several issues including trade in services, trade and employment and global value chains.
  • During the meeting, BIAC highlighted business concerns about protectionist tendencies (e.g. increase of tariffs, indirect measures, forced localization) and supported the OECD, WTO and UNCTAD in calling on G20 governments to step up efforts to resist protectionism in the face of continuing high unemployment and a weak economic recovery.
  • BIAC welcomed the increased role of the OECD in the G20 process, and underlined that together with our members, we look forward to providing business input to the Russian G20 presidency through the B20 and the OECD.

 

Joining Mulligan at the November 8 OECD Global Forum on Trade was USCIB member Josh Kallmer (Crowell & Moring), who participated in a panel discussion, “More Competitive Services Markets: What Can We Do?”

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