The U.S. and Mexico Must Work Together as Neighbors

Flag Badges of America and Mexico in PileUSCIB Chairman Terry McGraw has joined with ICC Mexico Chair Maria Fernanda Garza in a joint appeal for the United States and Mexico to work together to address common challenges of trade, immigration and security.

In a joint op-ed in the Mexican newspaper El Financiero, the two business leaders urged their compatriots to reject the antagonism emanating from the U.S. campaign trail, reminding readers of the direct and measurable benefits the North American Free Trade Agreement has brought to both Mexicans and Americans alike.

McGraw and Fernanda Garza finished by reiterating that the business communities of both the United States and Mexico are united in their support for the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which they urged their respective legislatures to ratify without delay.

Please see below for the English translation of the op-ed. To read it in Spanish on El Financiero’s website, click here.

USCIB and ICC Mexico each serve as their country’s national committees of the International Chamber of Commerce.

 

The U.S. and Mexico Must Work Together as Neighbors

By Harold McGraw III and María Fernanda Garza

If the U.S. presidential campaign has reminded us of anything, it is the importance of neighborliness. Just as your own neighborhood deteriorates if you and your neighbors don’t communicate or work together well, so it is in business and international affairs.

Right now, on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, we face a stark choice: build walls, foster mistrust and disengage our economies – or work together to continue building shared prosperity. As representatives of the business communities from both nations, we strongly urge our fellow countrymen and our leaders to choose the latter course.

Since the North American Free Trade Agreement was negotiated more than 20 years ago, Mexico and the United States have enjoyed an increasingly close and mutually beneficial relationship that builds on our respective strengths and abilities, our vibrant economies and vast resources, our unique position as neighbors and, most importantly, our peoples. Mexico, the U.S. and Canada have turned North America into one of the most important and most dynamic free trade areas in the world. It has taken foresight and resolve.

Bilateral trade between Mexico and the U.S. has multiplied by six since NAFTA’s entry into force, reaching nearly $500 billion in 2015. Mexico is now the second-largest export market for U.S. goods and its second-largest supplier. It is estimated that U.S. trade with Mexico supports some six million American jobs.

With a growing, $1 trillion economy and a developing middle class that eagerly consumes U.S. and other foreign products, Mexico is the world’s 9th-largest world importer, and it buys 16 percent of everything the U.S. sells to the world. It is the largest export market for California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, and one of the three most important export markets for 29 other U.S. states.

This burgeoning trade relationship is built upon regional economic integration, cooperation and capitalizing on both nations’ competitiveness. Bilateral trade often occurs in the context of shared production, where manufacturers on each side of the border work together to produce goods. The development of robust supply chains as a result of NAFTA has translated into highly integrated trade in such key industries as automobiles, aerospace and electronics.

For instance, Mexican exports to the U.S. contain 40 percent of U.S. value-added, which is much higher than those from South Korea or China which are at five percent and four percent, respectively.

The U.S. and Mexico have a shared interest in fostering economic integration in North America, which is becoming, once again, the most competitive region in the world. Among other things, both countries need to ensure an efficient and secure border, the development of human capital for innovation and the growth of the services sector.

Businesses on both sides of the border firmly believe that the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) will further strengthen Mexico-U.S. relations, North American competitiveness and our shared prosperity by encouraging competition and setting new and modern disciplines in the Asia-Pacific Region. With TPP, North America will become an even more important export platform to the world, with the consequent creation of jobs. We therefore are urging our respective legislatures to quickly ratify the TPP.

Especially in the face of growing protectionist and isolationist sentiment, we cannot stress strongly enough the critical importance of closer cooperation between our two governments in fostering a strong U.S.-Mexico relationship – one that contributes to shared economic growth, competitiveness and prosperity throughout North America. As neighbors, we have a shared responsibility to keep the neighborhood safe and prosperous.

Harold McGraw III is chairman of the United States Council for International Business. Maria Fernanda Garza chairs the Mexican chapter of the International Chamber of Commerce.

Labor and Corporate Responsibility Committees Meet in Washington

 USCIB’s Corporate Responsibility Committee and Labor & Employment Policy Committee held the fall installment of their biannual meetings October 19-20 at the offices of Covington & Burling in Washington D.C. The meetings comprised a day and a half of panels, bringing in speakers from business, government and civil society, along with robust discussion on issues of business and human rights. The 2016 fall meetings set a new participation record for the committees, with attendance by over 60 representatives from 35-plus companies.

Laura Chapman Rubbo (Disney) chaired the meetings and facilitated discussions, with support from Tam Nguyen (Bechtel), who serves as vice-chair of the Corporate Responsibility Committee, and Ariel Meyerstein, USCIB’s vice president of labor affairs, corporate responsibility and governance.

The keynote address was given by Ambassador Patricia Haslach, principle deputy assistant secretary in the State Department’s Economic Bureau. Other State Department speakers included Andrew Keller, director of sanctions policy and implementation and Melike Yetken, senior adviser for corporate social responsibility and the U.S. “national contact point” for the OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises. Keller and Yetken discussed the impact of sanctions and shareholder resolutions on human rights, and developments concerning the OECD guidelines, respectively. Other speakers included former State Department official Alan Larson (Covington & Burling), Arvind Ganesan, who leads Human Rights Watch’s private sector engagement, and Carolyn Fisher (PepsiCo).

A considerable part of the agenda was devoted to the issue of forced labor. One panel covered elimination of the consumptive demand exception under the Tariff Act of 1930’s ban on importation of goods made with forced/child labor, with updates from Ken Kennedy, labor affairs policy adviser at U.S. Immigration, Customs & Enforcement (ICE), Jerry Malmo of the commercial enforcement division at U.S. Customs & Border Patrol (CBP), and Megan Giblin, USCIB’s director of customs policy.

Other meeting topics included company efforts to combat forced labor, with presentations given by a variety of companies across a wide range of industries, and a discussion on the UN Guiding Principles Reporting Framework, led by Shift Project, who was heavily involved in the development of the Reporting Framework. The second day included a conversation with Deborah Greenfield, deputy director general of policy with the International Labor organization, on the ILO’s work plan following this past June’s discussion on “Decent Work in Global Supply Chains.”

USCIB’s Corporate Responsibility and Labor & Employment Policy Committees will reconvene in the spring of 2017.

Gender Workshop Spotlights Importance of Education

L-R: Nicole Primmer (BIAC), keynote speaker Julia Goodfellow, Ronnie Goldberg (USCIB), former BIAC Chair Charles Heeter
L-R: Julia Goodfellow (University of Kent), Ronnie Goldberg (USCIB), former BIAC Chair Charles Heeter

On October 24 in Paris, Business at OECD/BIAC hosted its third workshop on gender equality, addressing the third “E” of the OECD Project on Gender — “Education.” The workshop presented business initiatives that promote lifelong training and education of women, explored questions related to soft skills and career preferences, and discussed the impact of the digital economy and developments in technology for women at work. This year’s workshop was sponsored by Deloitte and Dell.

The focus was on STEM education. Keynote remarks were delivered by Dame Julia Goodfellow, vice chancellor of the University of Kent, who discussed the differences in subjects studied by women and men at universities (almost 70 percent of students studying languages are female, while almost 80 percent of students studying computer science are men), as well as obstacles women face in the later stages of their careers.

USCIB Senior Counsel Ronnie Goldberg provided on overview from the business perspective. She recounted that the first BIAC gender equality workshop had focused on “Employment,” including the “leaking pipeline” of female leadership. The second BIAC workshop shifted its gaze to “Entrepreneurship,” addressing women in the ICT sector and key activities for companies around the world in supporting women entrepreneurs, such as providing finance, mentoring and leadership. Goldberg discussed how since these two workshops, progress on gender equality has not come as fast as desired. She said this is because changes involve not only policy, but also shifts in social and cultural attitudes.

The first panel was full of updates by ambassadors to the OECD from Canada, Germany and Chile, as well as from the OECD secretariat. They discussed the status of women at work in their respective countries, and outlined various initiatives taken by government to support girls and women in STEM fields. The second panel looked at soft skills, training and education, and how to leverage gender balance for business success. Speakers, including USCIB member Coca-Cola, discussed efforts to mitigate unconscious and implicit bias, the link between having female leadership to better understand consumers, who are often women, and once again, understanding the reasons for the “leaking pipeline” and how to prevent such leaks.

A working lunch was led by representatives from Deloitte, who discussed the lack of women in STEM subjects not related to healthcare, using the United Kingdom as an example, and how to change this outlook for women in STEM. Suggestions included starting in early schooling, by giving young girls greater exposure to female professionals working in STEM and mitigating unconscious reinforcement of gender stereotypes.

The last session centered on the impact of the digital economy — on women in ICT sectors, how companies are educating women on technology, and how both women and companies are using technology to grow professionally. ICT company representatives, such as USCIB members IBM, Google and Dell, emphasized the benefits of having female employees, and discussed individual company initiatives to encourage young women to enter digital careers. Speakers stressed the importance of encouraging young girls’ confidence about their skills in STEM subjects, and the importance of demystifying the actual skills needed to succeed in the digital economy.

BIAC will release a report of the workshop and the issues raised during discussions. Reports from the previous workshops can be found here.

Despite Clampdown, High-Seas Piracy Still a Threat

piracyKidnapping and hostage-taking persists off the coasts of West Africa and South East Asia, despite a 20-year low in piracy on the world’s seas, according to new figures from the International Chamber of Commerce‘s International Maritime Bureau (IMB).

IMB’s latest global piracy report shows that pirates armed with guns or knives took 110 seafarers hostage in the first nine months of 2016, and kidnapped 49 crew for ransom. Nigeria, a growing hotspot for violent piracy and armed robbery, accounts for 26 percent of all captures, followed by Indonesia, Malaysia, Guinea and Ivory Coast.

But with just 42 attacks worldwide this quarter, maritime piracy is at its lowest since 1996. IMB’s Piracy Reporting Center has recorded 141 incidents so far this year, a 25 percent drop from the same period in 2015. A total of 111 vessels were boarded, five were hijacked, 10 were fired at, and a further 15 attacks were thwarted.

Read more on ICC’s website.

USCIB Identifies Foreign Telecom and Other Trade Barriers

Smartphone_mobile_globeUSCIB has cited numerous countries for maintaining barriers to exports of U.S. telecommunications and other products and services. In an extensive submission to the office of U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman, we recommended the following countries (and regions encompassing multiple countries) for inclusion in USTR’s annual National Trade Estimate (NTE) Report:

Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, European Union, Fiji, Germany, Ghana, Gulf Cooperation Council, India, Indonesia, Korea, Latin America Malaysia, Mexico, Middle East and North Africa, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Russia, South Africa, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay and Vietnam.

USCIB’s submission was in response to a request from USTR for public comments to assist it in identifying significant barriers to U.S. exports of goods, services, and U.S. foreign direct investment for inclusion in the Congressionally mandated NTE. Also part of this request, USTR asked for information regarding trade barriers to telecommunications products and services pursuant to Section 1377 of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988.

The submission included comments detailing a wide assortment of trade barriers affecting a broad range of industries. Such cross-sectoral barriers include local content requirements, data storage requirements, customs-related issues, and intellectual property protection. The submission also delved into burdensome financial services regulations, problems with food safety laws, problematic tax laws, foreign direct investment restrictions, and foreign telecommunications policies and regulations that have the effect of restricting efficient and economic provision of these services, among others trade barriers.

 

Ensuring a Level Playing Field With State-Owned Enterprises

USCIB's Eva Hampl speaks at an OECD meeting on state-owned enterprises.
USCIB’s Eva Hampl speaks at an OECD workshop on state-owned enterprises.

Last week at OECD headquarters in Paris, business representatives highlighted the importance of avoiding market distortions and maintaining a level playing field between public and private companies.

Two OECD workshops on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) focused on the twin challenges of preventing corruption and of SOEs as global competitors. BIAC/Business at OECD, part of USCIB’s global network, arranged for private-sector participation and released key messages for the discussions.

In the workshop on SOEs as competitors, Eva Hampl, USCIB’s director of investment, trade and financial services, discussed where the gaps remain and what can be done about them. She emphasized the importance of addressing the challenges presented by SOEs in a world that is hungry for investment — including foreign direct investment — and economic growth. To the extent that SOEs are now operating on a global scale, they can crowd out private FDI in a way that may hamper competition, including in third markets.

Because SOEs can take on many forms, one important issue is increased transparency on SOE governance structures, as well as any advantages they enjoy which tilt the playing field in their favor versus private companies. Increased transparency alone, however, does not resolve many of the underlying systemic issues of SOEs competing, and does not automatically level the playing field, business representatives said.

Transparency is important since SOEs can be a prime vehicle for corruption. “Many SOEs operate in sectors with high corruption risks,” the BIAC messages note. “The 2014 OECD Foreign Bribery Report identified state-owned or state-controlled enterprises as the single biggest category of foreign officials who were bribed.”

Employers Participate in Forum on Impact of Major Sporting Events

A male soccer player kicks a ball and soccer goalie jumping in motion for a ball while defending his gates on wide angle panoramic image of a outdoor soccer stadium or arena full of spectators under a sunny sky. The image has depth of field with the focus on the foreground part of the pitch. With intentional lensflares. Players are wearing unbranded soccer uniform.

The International Organization of Employers (IOE), part of USCIB’s global network, took part in the October 13-14 Sporting Chance Forum on Mega-Sporting Events and Human Rights in Washington, D.C.

Convened by the U.S. State Department, the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, and the Institute for Human Rights and Business, this high-level gathering convened 100 leaders from a wide variety of relevant stakeholder groups to discuss strategies to prevent, mitigate, and remedy human rights and labor standards abuses associated with the life cycle of major international sporting events such as the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup.

Read more on the IOE website.

USCIB’s Medina Leads Discussion at ChemCon 2016

USCIB Vice President Helen Media
USCIB Vice President Helen Medina

Facing increasing demands around the world to divulge details of their supply chains and production processes, how much information can (and should) companies share regarding the chemicals used in their products?

USCIB Vice President Helen Medina led a discussion of this topic at this week’s ChemCon Americas 2016 conference in Toronto. Chairing a panel on “Global Supply Chain Transparency & Stakeholders,” Medina noted the numerous efforts by governments and international bodies to promote greater disclosure by companies.

“There is increased societal pressure for the ‘right to know’ concept,” Medina stated. “What’s more, companies are facing market and stakeholder pressure to ‘green’ their supply chains as a way to improve their corporate citizenship profile.”

Others speaking on Medina’s panel included Mark Herwig (GE), Sophia Danenberg (Boeing), Wendy Brant (Walmart) and Scott Echols (ZDHC Foundation).

Medina said that policy makers in many countries and regions are expanding their concept of risk in chemicals, to encompass not just the materials in a given product but also how they are used. In addition, they are increasingly requiring information to understand chemical risks throughout a products entire life cycle.

Highlighting numerous inter-governmental efforts to promote transparency on chemicals use, Medina cited the UN Sustainable Development Goals, where Goal 12 sets out to “achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.”

This focus has migrated into various other discussions in the UN system and elsewhere, Media said. She urged companies of all sizes to pay greater attention to these discussions, which she said would influence national laws and rule-making on chemicals for years to come.

ICC Digital Economy Commission Adds New Leaders

business people handshaking

The International Chamber of Commerce’s (ICC) Commission on Digital Economy has announced the appointment of three new vice chairs, extending regional and sector representation of its current leaders. The appointments enrich the diversity of the leadership by bringing engineering and communications savvy to existing legal expertise, according to ICC.

The three new leaders are:

Virat Bhatia
Chairman of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) ICT and Digital Economy Committee and President, IEA, AT&T, South Asia Region

Bhatia recently joined the commission after years of actively contributing to ICC’s Business Action to Support the Information Society (BASIS) initiative. In this role he represented ICC views at the United Nation’s Commission on Science and Technology for Development and at the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), where he serves on the Multistakeholder Advisory Group. Bhatia is leading current ICC work on Information and communication technologies in relation to the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Carolyn Nguyen
Director of Telecommunications and Internet Governance group at Microsoft Corporation

Nguyen joins the commission following active engagement in ICC BASIS, representing members during the UN General Assembly 10-year review of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS+10), and promoting ICC work on cybersecurity at the 2015 IGF in Brazil.

Christoph Steck
Director of Public Policy and Internet for Telefonica

Mr Steck has served the commission as a task force co-Chair, most recently leading work on regulatory modernisation. In addition, Mr Steck and Telefonica helped support ICC Brazil’s outreach to local companies and ICC BASIS engagement leading up to the IGF 2015 in Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
New talent

Commenting on these appointments, Commission Chair Joseph Alhadeff, (Oracle) said: “Virat, Carolyn and Christoph each have a record of engagement to ICC policy development and advocacy, so I am confident members will be well served by this expansion and bolstering of the commission leadership. They also share our vision to expand participation and extend sector and geographic representation to ensure the commission itself is inclusive, and that its output is both impactful and of the utmost relevance.”

The ICC Commission on the Digital Economy develops policy positions on topics spanning the Internet and telecoms, privacy and data protection, security and digital trade. It undertakes this work on behalf of users, providers and operators of information technology. USCIB interfaces with the ICC commission through our Information, Communications and Technology Committee.

Business Presents Views on Health and Innovation to OECD

USCIB's Helen Medina (center) and other members of the BIAC Health Committee
USCIB’s Helen Medina (center) and other members of the BIAC Health Committee

Ahead of a key OECD health ministerial in January, 10 private-sector health policy experts, including USCIB Vice President Helen Medina, met in Paris last week for the BIAC (Business at OECD) Health Committee, took part in a key OECD meeting on “The Economics of Prevention,” and exchanged views on health and innovation policy with selected permanent delegations to the OECD.

With several governments contemplating heavy-handed labeling and marketing restrictions on foods they deem unhealthy, the industry experts sought to underscore how much industry has done to address the health impacts of its products as well as consumer lifestyle choices.

“The fact is, industry has made robust commitments on marketing and advertising, and has reformulated products in response to public concerns about health,” said Medina. “Our goal is to ensure that industry can continue to innovate and contribute to healthy diets while continuing to provide a range of choices for consumers.”

Other BIAC experts emphasized that industry is not afraid of regulation, but wants governments to support research and innovation policies, which would also help smaller companies. They asked OECD governments to consider ways to improve the base of evidence regarding effective disease prevention tools and other interventions. There is a need, they said, for nutritional data and for an integrative comprehensive approach to foster healthy choices, lifestyles and sustainable diets.

The group held bilateral meetings with OECD missions including the United States, Australia and the Czech Republic.