A Business Perspective on Investment Incentives

USCIB’s Shaun Donnelly, who spoke at a Columbia University conference on international investment, here briefs foreign journalists on the transatlantic trade talks.
USCIB’s Shaun Donnelly, who spoke at a Columbia University conference on international investment, here briefs foreign journalists on the transatlantic trade talks.

USCIB Vice President Shaun Donnelly was one of just a few business panelists at the annual conference of the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment, which took place November 13-14 in New York. The annual Columbia University conference has become a major gathering place for investment policy experts.

According to Donnelly, the roster of speakers at this year’s conference “was again tilted toward academics, NGOs and government officials – some, unfortunately, with noticeable anti-business biases when it comes to foreign investment policy issues.”

The topic this this year was “Investment Incentives: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly – Assessing the Costs, Benefits and Options for Policy Reform.” On the opening panel, Donnelly delivered a message on the important role FDI, both inward and outbound, can play in a country’s (or a state’s) strategy for economic development and job creation.

“Well-targeted incentives can help attract sought-after investors and bolster national competitiveness,” Donnelly said. “Not all investment incentives are good or accomplish their objectives but, similarly, not all incentives are somehow, as some critics charge, wasteful or an abuse of scarce taxpayer funds.”

Donnelly’s said investment incentives tend to be overrated as a driver of investment location decisions. “Internationally, major U.S. businesses’ investment decisions are generally driven far more by market realities, location, sound economic policies, rule of law, and political stability than by the size of an incentive package.”

Several business representatives in the audience commended Donnelly afterward for scoring at least a few points for the business team in FDI policy discussions.

State of play in the U.S.-EU negotiations

While in New York, Donnelly also met with a number of foreign journalists on the business community’s outlook on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership negotiations, in a program organized with the State Department’s New York Foreign Press Center. Click here to read a transcript.

With tariffs between the United States and the European Union already relatively low, discussion centered on non-tariff barriers, regulatory cooperation and conditions for investment. Donnelly said American business hoped that trade and investment liberalization via the TTIP, as well as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, would provide a much-needed spur to liberalization at the global level via the World Trade Organization.

Donnelly also called out regulatory cooperation as an area of potentially large gains for businesses on both sides of the Atlantic, identifying auto safety standards and chemicals regulation as examples of areas where commonly agreed or mutually recognized standards could significantly ease cross-border business between the world’s two largest economies.

Staff contacts: Shaun Donnelly

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Business Gives Last Push to Seal Bali Deal and Salvage Doha Round

(Click here to enlarge this infographic)
(Click here to enlarge this infographic)

A prime opportunity to further liberalize multilateral trade presents itself next month when ministers from 159 countries converge at the 9th Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization in Bali.

In the home stretch to the crucial negotiations, the International Chamber of Commerce is urging all WTO members to seal a trade facilitation deal that would contribute to economic growth and job creation by simplifying administrative procedures and standards that dictate how goods cross borders or how they are handled in customs.

The conclusion of a WTO agreement on trade facilitation at the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference in Bali is one of five business recommendations put forward by business through the ICC Business World Trade Agenda (WTA) initiative launched in March 2011. The initiative set out to consult CEOs and senior executives in all major regions of the world in a bid to outline priorities for a practical and forward-looking trade policy agenda.

“Moving forward with the WTO’s trade facilitation agreement should be a top priority given the substantial potential benefits,” said ICC Chairman Terry McGraw, chairman of McGraw Hill Financial [now S&P Global] and also chairman of USCIB. “After years of stalemate on the global trade agenda, there is now a real opportunity to achieve a meaningful result that increases market access and creates openings that unleash more opportunities for higher growth throughout the world.”

USCIB Senior Vice President Rob Mulligan will be among the ICC and other business representatives attending the Bali ministerial.

ICC has called on WTO members to show political will at the highest levels to reach an agreement on trade facilitation and to make commitments and compromises that recognize the common interest in success and the collective cost of failure.

One ICC study has found that reaching an agreement on trade facilitation could not only boost global gross domestic product by $960 billion (U.S.) but also increase exports of developing countries by $570 billion and of developed countries by $475 billion. A further benefit would be the associated creation of 21 million jobs, 18 million of which would be in developing economies.

Read more on ICC’s website.

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan

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Hooray for FDI…. But Let’s Clap with Both Hands!

By Peter Robinson, USCIB President and CEO

Investment Policy Central

“We at the United States Council for International Business heartily congratulate the U.S. Department of Commerce and the entire administration for the very successful “Select USA Investment Summit” held late last week. While it was truly heartening to have the administration fully and publically on board with a strong message that inward foreign direct investment (FDI) is good for the U.S. economy, for U.S. jobs, competitiveness, and communities, we could still do more.”

Read the full column: http://www.investmentpolicycentral.com/content/select-usa-investment-summit-hooray-fdi%E2%80%A6-let%E2%80%99s-clap-both-hands

USCIB Joins Business Community Leadership at Launch of Congressional “Friends of TPP” Caucus

Bipartisanship may be in short supply in Washington these days, but there are welcome signs of hope on the trade front. As a lead member of the steering committee of the Business Coalition for the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), USCIB participated in the October 29 launch of the bipartisan Congressional “Friends of TPP” Caucus.

The caucus’s four House co-chairs – Reps. Dave Reichert (R-WA), Ron Kind (D-WI), Charles Boustany (R-LA) and Greg Meeks (D-NY) – joined Singaporean Ambassador Ashok Kumar Mirpuri (speaking on behalf of the 11 TPP country ambassadors in attendance) and business representatives at the launch event in the Rayburn House Office Building.

The Business Coalition for the TPP issued a press release supporting the new caucus and committing itself to working closely with its leaders, in order to build Congressional understanding of, and support for, a TPP agreement that is ambitious, comprehensive, and high-standard.

“The quicker the better,” observed Shaun Donnelly, USCIB’s vice president for investment and financial services. “But USCIB and the business community have been very clear that the critical element here is getting a strong, comprehensive agreement, not racing to cut a mediocre deal in order to meet an arbitrary deadline.”

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan and  Shaun Donnelly

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With Timely European Programs USCIB Advances Trade and Investment Agenda

USCIB’s Shaun Donnelly (left) makes a point at a well-attended conference in Copenhagen on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.
USCIB’s Shaun Donnelly (left) makes a point at a well-attended conference in Copenhagen on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.

The U.S. government shutdown may have caused the cancellation of planned U.S.-EU trade talks (along with so much else) in the first half of October, but USCIB kept up a high level of activity on key trade and investment priorities, with a number of timely events and meetings in Europe.

Working with the National Foreign Trade Council and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), we organized a September 30 program in Geneva on “Localization Barriers to Trade.” The well-attended gathering focused on the importance of global value chains to corporate and national competitiveness (the subject of a recent USCIB-commissioned paper by Dartmouth’s Matthew Slaughter), and how forced localization requirements undercut the ability of global companies to effectively utilize their value chains to generate growth and jobs in those countries that impose them.

Speakers included Rob Mulligan, USCIB’s senior vice president for policy and government affairs, Hendrik Bourgeois (GE), Jeffrey Schott (Peterson Institute for International Economics) and Rob Atkinson (Information Technology & Innovation Foundation). Afterward, USCIB co-hosted a reception that provided additional opportunity for members to meet with representatives from the WTO delegations of several countries.

While in Geneva, USCIB’s Mulligan attended the WTO’s Public Policy Forum, and met with a number of officials at the WTO, the U.S. mission to the United Nations, and UNCTAD. He also took part in a meeting of the ICC Trade and Investment Commission. He later traveled to Brussels, where he joined other members of the Business Coalition for Transatlantic Trade for meetings with EU negotiators as well as EU business representatives to discuss U.S. business priorities and views for the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP).

According to Mulligan, key takeaways from the meeting included the EU’s emphasis on government procurement in the TTIP, and some concern about a slow response from the U.S. on regulatory cooperation issues, a key aspect of the talks. Mulligan and other business representatives highlighted a number of priorities for American business, including comprehensive coverage of investment issues and investor-state dispute settlement, forced localization, cross-border data flows and a comprehensive approach to services market access, including for financial services.

Not to be outdone, Shaun Donnelly, USCIB’s vice president for investment and financial services, journeyed to Copenhagen to take part in a well-attended conference on TTIP organized by the Confederation of Danish Industry (DI). Speaking on a panel with the heads of Business Europe and DI plus the CEO of A.P. Moller – Maersk, Donnelly emphasized that U.S. business is insisting that a TTIP agreement be ambitious, comprehensive and high-standard.

The Copenhagen program was just one of a planned series of briefings and events Donnelly was scheduled to take part in across Western Europe, organized in cooperation with the State Department. Unfortunately, the government shutdown forced him to cancel the rest of the trip.

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan and Shaun Donnelly

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New Study Global Value Chains Paired With Open Markets Offer Path to Sustainable Growth

A new study on global value chains from the OECD, WTO and UNCTAD echoes conclusions of a report commissioned by USCIB and the Business Roundtable.
A new study on global value chains from the OECD, WTO and UNCTAD echoes conclusions of a report commissioned by USCIB and the Business Roundtable.

A report launched by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) finds that global value chains (GVCs) have become “a dominant feature of the world economy,” with between 30 and 60 percent of G20 countries’ exports comprised of imported inputs or used as inputs by others, and offer new prospects for sustainable growth, development and jobs.

The report, entitled Implications of Global Value Chains for Trade, Investment, Development and Jobs, concludes that both the cost of trade and investment protectionism and the benefits of multilateral opening are much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent necessity of comprehensive policy reforms that enhance trade and investment openness.

These conclusions, which were presented to the G20 Summit in St. Petersburg in response to the G20 leaders’ request at the 2012 Summit to analyze the functioning of GVCs and their relationship with international trade and development, parallel those of a study by Dartmouth’s Matthew Slaughter,  American Companies and Global Supply Networks, published earlier this year by USCIB and the Business Roundtable, which found that the operations of globally engaged U.S. companies benefit American economic growth and job creation.

In our highly interconnected world, participation in GVCs can produce considerable gains: developing economies with the fastest growing GVC participation have per-capita GDP growth rates two percent above the average, according to the report. Likewise, countries that attract more foreign direct investment tend to have higher GVC participation levels and to generate more value added from trade. Thus, the report states that practical trade facilitation reforms are crucial in reducing trade costs and increasing GVC participation, and that policies conducive to open markets will help ensure that development and growth potential is realized and widely inclusive. Sustainable GVC growth also relies on multilateral cooperation so that policies are coordinated between exporters and importers, and host countries and home countries.

“Trade facilitation is about easing access to the global marketplace and doing away with the complicated border crossing procedures and excess red tape that raise costs, which ultimately fall on businesses, consumers and our economies,” said OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría. “Reducing global trade costs by just one percent would increase worldwide income by more than $40 billion, 65 percent of which would accrue to developing countries.”

One of the key challenges remaining is to understand and address the obstacles to such access that developing economies experience – access that would help build productive capacity where local firms can capture a significant share of the value added. Significant investment, though, would be required to aid technology dissemination, skill building, education and infrastructure upgrading.

Staff contacts: Rob Mulligan and Shaun Donnelly

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USCIB Urging Congressional Support for Foreign Investment Bill

4596_image001The U.S. Congress is considering legislation to bolster America’s competitiveness in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from abroad, which can strengthen U.S. competitiveness and create good jobs.  USCIB is among the business voices leading the call for Congress to adopt the “Global Investment in American Jobs Act” (S. 1023/HR 2052). In a rare display of bipartisanship, the House of Representatives passed the bill by a vote of 370-32 on September 9. USCIB and our business coalition partners are now urging the U.S. Senate to move quickly to adopt the Bill (click here to view the coalition letter to the U.S. Senate).

The legislation would put the U.S. government clearly on record as welcoming international investment. The legislation would also task the secretary of commerce to lead a government-wide effort to focus on America’s investment competitiveness, and to develop and implement a plan to make the U.S. the unquestioned “gold standard” option for the best international companies to locate new facilities.

“Inward FDI is good for America,” said Shaun Donnelly, USCIB’s vice president for investment and financial services. “The competition among nations around the world to attract high quality investment projects increases daily, and the U.S. needs to up its game as a destination for FDI. This piece of legislation is a good place to start.”  USCIB commends the bill’s sponsors in the House (Lee Terry, R-NE; Jan Schakowsky, D-IL; Peter Roskam, R-IL; and John Barrow, D-GA) and the Senate (Bob Corker, R-TN; Amy Klobuchar, D- MN; Roy Blunt, R- MO; and Kay Hagan, D- NC) for their leadership in introducing this legislation.

USCIB has long been a leading business voice in Washington and internationally on the importance of both inward and outbound FDI to U.S. economic competitiveness, exports, economic growth and jobs. According to Donnelly, inward FDI brings not only needed capital but also technology, innovation and access to foreign markets. USCIB co-chairs the investment policy committees of the broad U.S. business coalitions working with the Obama administration on the two major ongoing trade negotiations, the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.

Staff contact: Shaun Donnelly

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Business Pushes for Trade Promotion Authority

4597_image001The business community is urging Congress to act swiftly to pass legislation giving the president fast-track ability to negotiate free trade agreements. Such legislation would require Congress to make up-or-down votes on ratification of trade pacts without amendment.

In a letter to the leadership of the Senate Finance and House Ways and Means committees seeking passage of Trade Promotion Authority, USCIB and the other members of the Trade Benefits America coalition urged passage of legislation before the end of the year, saying that, without action, high-level trade talks would be jeopardized.

“Currently, the United States is pursuing an exceptionally ambitious and diverse range of trade negotiations, including the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, and the Trade in Services Agreement,” coalition members wrote. “These negotiations involve important 21st century trade issues – such as foreign restrictions on cross-border data flows, unfair competition from state-owned enterprises, intellectual property rights, forced localization barriers to trade and investment, and international regulatory cooperation – that have evolved or emerged since 2002. By updating and passing TPA, Congress can help shape the negotiating goals pursued by U.S. negotiators while also strengthening the hand of those negotiators in achieving solid outcomes favorable to the United States.”

The letter said passage of TPA would strengthen the partnership between Congress and the executive branch – which the coalition said “has long proven critical to negotiating U.S. trade agreements and getting them implemented by Congress” – thereby helping to ensure a meaningful role for legislators at all stages of trade negotiations.

Staff contact: Rob Mulligan

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US OKs Chinese Acquisition of Smithfield Affirming Open Investment Policy

Smithfield Foods (of Smithfield, Virginia) announced on September 6 that the U.S. government’s Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S. (CFIUS) has approved Smithfield’s acquisition by Shuanghui Holdings, a large Chinese/Hong Kong food company.  CFIUS, a nine-agency committee chaired by the Treasury Department, routinely reviews major acquisitions of U.S. firms by foreign firms for national security concerns.

USCIB welcomed the move. “CFIUS has never been a broad national screening mechanism for foreign direct investment into the U.S.,” noted Shaun Donnelly, USCIB’s vice president for investment and financial services.  “Nor in our view should CFIUS’s mandate be expanded beyond its present scope. We commend the Obama administration, and the CFIUS agencies in particular, for conducting the Smithfield/Shuanghui review rigorously and in compliance with long-established procedures and criteria laid out in relevant U.S. legislation and regulation.”

After the acquisition was first announced, there were calls from some in Congress and the media to expand the CFIUS mandate beyond clear national security criteria. “Had we succumbed to these siren calls to turn CFIUS into some sort of protectionist tool to deflect foreign acquisitions, especially from China or other ‘controversial’ partners, it could have jeopardized America’s traditional welcome mat for FDI,” Donnelly said. “The U.S. needs to be, and to be seen to be, a strong and consistent voice for open and transparent investment policies and regulations at home and abroad. Both inward and outward FDI are good for the U.S. economy, competitiveness and jobs. “

Staff contact: Shaun Donnelly

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CEOs Meet With G20 Leaders to Urge Progress on Trade and Investment

CNBC interview with ICC Chairman Terry McGraw
CNBC interview with ICC Chairman Terry McGraw

G20 heads of state met with CEOs representing the Business-20 or “B20” during a special session of the G20 Leaders’ Summit at Strelna Palace, near Saint Petersburg, Russia today.

The CEOs, including members of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) G20 Advisory Group, presented policy recommendations to the heads of state, urging world leaders to drive economic growth and job creation by liberalizing trade and improving conditions for global investment, particularly in infrastructure.

These recommendations, which covered topics including trade, investment and infrastructure, financial systems, innovation and development, job creation, and transparency and anti-corruption, were the product of intensive collaboration among companies serving on B20 task forces since December 2012. The process was chaired by Alexander Shokhin, president of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP), who had been designated by President Vladimir Putin to organize B20 efforts during the Russian G20 presidency.

ICC Chairman Terry McGraw, who is also chairman of USCIB and CEO of McGraw Hill Financial, took part in the meeting. He underscored that the impasse among members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and an increasingly sluggish global trading system risk reversing significant progress made in global living standards over the past 60 years.

“Collective leadership by the G20 would inject new life into trade agreements that are vital for job creation, particularly the successful conclusion of an agreement on trade facilitation at the WTO Bali Ministerial in December,” said McGraw, citing research commissioned by ICC, which concludes that completion of a WTO trade facilitation agreement would translate into more than $1 trillion in world export gains, increase global GDP by $960 billion and support more than 21 million jobs, most of them in G20 countries.

“The most important thing for growth is trade and investment,” McGraw told CNBC. To view the full interview click here.

For more information on the ICC website, click here.

IOE, BIAC Voice Business Views on Jobs and Taxation

A strong business presence, through the B20 group, delivered recommendations to governments at the G20 Leaders’ Summit in St. Petersburg, pushing for the realization of concrete policy measures that will make a difference.

At a roundtable discussion on September 5, the G20 Task Force on Employment called tackling unemployment and job creation a top priority for the G20 countries. The co-chair of the B20’s own employment task force, Brent Wilton– secretary-general of the International Organization of Employers  – expressed concern over the lack of action taken by governments with regard to the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Wilton referred to evidence from the World Bank’s Doing Business Report of 2013 in calling on “G20 states to effectively assess the impact of regulation on business and job creation. Complicated and rigid labor law is a major stumbling block for SMEs, especially when it comes to hiring.” Key to getting more people into work, he added, were education and training programs that provide individuals with skills that match the needs of the labor market, and foster entrepreneurship. Click here to read more.

For its part, BIAC, the Business and Industry Advisory Committee
to the OECD, issued two important statements on global taxation.

In response to growing public concern about international corporate taxation in both the developed and developing world, as well as the current focus on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) outlined in the OECD Action Plan on BEPS endorsed by the G20, BIAC has produced two sets of voluntary guidance for business: a Statement of Tax Principles for International Business intended to promote and affirm responsible business tax management generally, and a Statement of Best Practices for Engaging with Tax Authorities in Developing Countries.

Will Morris (GE), chair of the BIAC Committee on Taxation and Fiscal Affairs, stated that: “Business makes a significant contribution to the global economy in terms of taxes paid and collected. However, public confidence in the international tax system has been shaken. In order to help restore that confidence, BIAC is working closely with the OECD to update international tax rules. But businesses also need to tell their own story.”

Morris said in developing countries, “it is in the interests of both taxpayers and governments that the tax authorities are given the information and cooperation they need to act in an efficient and transparent manner.”

Click here for more information.